We need to look at the reasons why Koreans haven't won Nobel Prizes from a different perspective.

It is certainly true that the Nobel Prize is the most prestigious award and its laureates are the highest authorities in academia.
However, one thing to consider is that a Nobel Prize winner is not necessarily the world's number one scientist.
Though, in truth, it is quite ambiguous to rank people in the world of academia.
The Nobel Prize selects candidates through a recommendation process, and in this process, the will of the mainstream group ultimately plays a decisive role.
Why do Nobel Prizes always come from advanced Western nations?
It is the United States, Western Europe, or Japan. In other words, it is the G7 network.
Occasionally, major powers like China and India are included in this.
Ultimately, the Nobel Prize has a strong character of being exchanged among powerful nations that possess both political and economic power.
Japan's first Nobel Prize winner, Hideki Yukawa, received it in 1947.
It was only after Japan established itself as a global power and entered the mainstream scientific network that they began receiving Nobel Prizes.
The reason Korea has not received a Nobel Prize is likely more due to not yet having entered this network, rather than a lack of academic capability.
This applies not only to the sciences but also to the Economics prize.
It is not as if there are no Korean scholars capable of receiving it if they were simply determined to give it to them.